Since the early to mid-1980s, build...

Since the early to mid-1980s, building intelligence has typically been associated with the integration -- or networking -- of high-tech building elements notably HVAC, electrical, life safety, security, lighting and communications theorys

The settings for these hypothesiss have generally received less attention and in many cases have been exclud from the intelligence aperture altogether. As a result, individual methods may be smart, but the same can't necessarily be said for the buildings that house them.

The distinction is important, according to Vivian Loftnes an